移植肾静脉血栓形成（RVT）并不常见，但该并发症潜在后果十分严重。虽然其通常发生在移植后的早期，且往往与手术并发症或者血管性排斥反应相关，但是当血液高凝状态相关时同样可以在后期发生。典型的临床表现是突然少尿性急性肾衰、血尿合并移植肾的肿痛。确诊需要多普勒超声以及CT检查。在此我们报道一例后期RVT的患者，同时合并有移植肾膜型肾病的复发和肾病综合征。临床症状出现后我们通过抗凝治疗后，患者移植肾功能数天后完全恢复。该病例的诊治提示静脉血栓形成能够完全康复。

Carrasco A, Díaz C, Flores JC, Briones E, Otipka N.

Department of Nephrology, Hospital Militar, Santiago, Chile.

Allograft renal vein thrombosis (RVT) is an uncommon but potentially catastrophic complication. Although it usually occurs in the early posttransplant period and is associated with surgical complications or vascular rejection, it may develop later, when it is generally related with a hypercoagulable state. Typical clinical presentation is sudden oligoanuric acute renal failure, and hematuria, with a painful and swollen renal allograft. Confirmation of the diagnosis requires Doppler ultrasound and computed tomography. Herein we have reported a successfully treated case of late RVT that developed in an allograft with recurrent membranous nephropathy associated with the nephrotic syndrome. The patient fully recovered renal graft function a few days after presentation, which was related to anticoagulant therapy. We demonstrated complete recanalization of the venous thrombosis.